python - How do I fix this error? TypeError: 'str' does not support the buffer interface -

python - How do I fix this error? TypeError: 'str' does not support the buffer interface -

>>> import struct >>> s = '\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\xff\xff\x00\x00' >>> struct.unpack('11b', s) traceback (most recent phone call last): file "<pyshell#3>", line 1, in <module> struct.unpack('11b', s) typeerror: 'str' not back upwards buffer interface

what wrong this? please help.

on python 3, struct.unpack() expects object implements buffer protocol, such bytes value, not unicode str:

>>> import struct >>> s = b'\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\xff\xff\x00\x00' >>> struct.unpack('11b', s) (0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 255, 255, 0, 0)

if reading info file, open file in binary mode instead of text mode bytes.

python string runtime-error